FD (United Kingdom) - AllCarIndex

The F.D. was an early automobile brand established in 1911 by the Vining Tractor & Motor Manufacturing Co. Ltd, located in Shepherd’s Bush, London. The brand's name, F.D., stood for "Front Drive," reflecting its innovative engineering approach.

The F.D. was notable for its pioneering design, featuring a transverse-mounted four-cylinder engine that drove the front wheels. This configuration was ahead of its time, predating the well-known Issigonis Mini design by 48 years. The vehicle's gearbox was positioned ahead of the engine and operated via a chain drive, while the final drive to the front wheels utilized spur gears.

Although the F.D. was produced in very limited numbers, possibly consisting of only a prototype or two, it represented a significant advancement in automotive design. Prior to the F.D., the Vining company had manufactured front-drive taxicabs and small buses under the name V.H. or Vining-Hallett, showcasing their experience in innovative vehicle design.